Erect to prostrate herb up to 1 m high , Leaves , ovate to ovate - lanceshaped , base broad , pointed to long - pointed at the tip , margin entire or with short teeth . Inflorescenceb is terminal or in leaf axils , solitary or paired cones . Disc - shaped flower - heads carried on stalks up to 7 cm long , with spindle - shaped receptacle . Flowers are , 5 lobed . Achenes hairless to hairy spread distally , margins ciliate , pappus consisting of 2 fine bristles .

English -Toothache plant

Hindi - Akarkara

Malayalam - Venapacha

Tamil -

Kannada -

*Relieve toothache .

*Helps to reduce affections of throat and gums as well as to paralyse the tongue .

*Roots are used in several parts of india as a purgative (CSIR, 1982;Rios-Chavez et al., 2003)

*It has antibacterial activity (Sahu et al., 2011)

*It shows anti -inflammatory and analgesic (Wu et al., 2008) activities.