St Mary's College, Sulthan Bathery   /   Plant

Plant Details

Ficus hispida L.

Trees, to 10 m high laxly branched; bark grey, smooth; blaze yellow; exudation milky; young shoots hispid; internodes of branchlets hollow. Leaves simple, opposite; stipules 11-15 mm long, interpetiolar, ovate-lanceolate, cauducous, often in whorls of 4 on the receptacles with leafless branches; petiole 1-4 cm long, stout, hispid, with a subnodal gland; lamina 7-20 x 6-10 cm, oblong, obovate, elliptic-oblong, ovate-oblong or obovate-oblong, base round, subcordate or cuneate, apex abruptly acute or acuminate or cuspidate, margin subentire to minutely dentate, membranous, scabrid, hispid-pubescent; 3-5-ribbed from base, lateral nerves 5-6 pairs, pinnate, prominent, intercostae scalariform, prominent. Flowers unisexual; inflorescence a syconia, dioecious, fascicled on trunk or on elongated pendulous or trailing leafless branches, depressed-globose, base narrowed, sticky pubescent without, faintly ribbed; peduncle 5-15 mm long, stout; basal bracts 3, 1-1.5 mm long, subtriangular, orifice slightly raised, closed by 5-6 apical bracts and numerous small inner bracts; internal bristles absent, appressed lateral bracts when present 2-4 mm wide; male flowers and gall flowers in same receptacle; female flowers in separate; male flowers ostiolar, in 2 rings; tepals 3 broad; stamen 1, subsessile; anther oblong, parallel, unequal; female flowers sessile or stalked; perianth short, tubular to 2 mm, glabrous; ovary depressed-globose, superior, red-brown; style 1.5 mm long, hairy; stigma clavate; gall flowers same as female but larger and distinctly stalked. Syconium 2-2.5 cm across, yellow; achenes 1.5 mm, lenticular, keeled with prominent hilum.

  • Family: Moraceae
  • Habit: medium sized evergreen tree
  • Habitat: Moist deciduous and semi-evergreen forests, also in the plains
  • Status : common


Vernacular names

Assamese

  • Dimoru

  • Jagya-dimoru

  • Jongiya-dimoru

  • Khoksha-dimoru

Gujarati

  • Dhed Umbar

Hindi

  •  Kagsha

  • Katgularia

  •  Kala Umbar

  • Gobla

  • Phalgu

Kannada

  • Kada Atthi

  • Kad-atthi

  • Paare Mara

Karbi

  • Engthum

Konkani

  • Kharvoti

Malayalam

  • Erumanakku

  • Kattatthi

  • Paeyathi

  • Parakam

  • Pavakom

  • Perimteragam

  • Peyatti

  • Peyattiparaka

  • Thondi

  • Thonditherakam

  • Valliteragam

  •  Erumanaakk

  • Kaattaththi

  •  Paarakam

Marathi

  •  Karavati

  •  Kala Umbar

  • Dhed Umbar

  • Bokeda

  •  Bokhada

  •  Bokheda

Mishing

  • Takpi

Nepali

  •  Kothaya-dumari

Other

  • Daduri

  • Devil Fig

  • Domur

  • Erumanakku

  • Hairy Fig

  • Opposite-leaved Fig-tree

  • Parakam

  • Peyatthi

  • Rough-leaved Fig

  • Sona-atthi

Sanskrit

  •  Kakodumbarika

  •  Phanika

  •  Phalgu

  • Malayuhu

Tamil

  • Chona-atthi

  • Paeiathi

  • Pei-atthi

  •  Peyatti

Telugu

  •  Bomma-medi

bodo

  • Khoksha dumr

Medicinal Uses

All parts of this plant are found to be acrid, astringent, bitter, coolant and have activity against dysentery, ulcers, biliousness, psoriasis, anemia, piles and jaundice. Additionally, the fruit is known to be active as aphrodisiac, tonic, lactagogue and emetic.